SpAIrt research program
SpAIrt connects sport, space, marine environments and extreme-condition biology. The objective is to understand human performance and biological resilience under stress.
The program uses AI to reason about physiological decay, environmental risk, training, monitoring and operational decision support.
SpAIrt
When sports meet StrongAI _ Intelligent Sport in extreme conditions
SpAIrt
When sports meet StrongAI Intelligent Sport in extreme conditions
The success of an extreme sport challenge depends on how fast is the decay of the athlete's biological sphere.
Extreme fatigue, temperatures, lack of oxygen, and environmental roughness can pose a life-threatening risk.
Unfortunately, most of the training lacks a reliable simulation of the athlete's body reactions to such stresses.
SpAIrt solves most of these problems through a genome profile analysis (GPA) that attests to the athlete's natural skills and faults. Once this is known, we can normalize the protein unbalances through allowed natural and chemical supplements suggested by our AI.
Sport/physical activity is a complex, multi-factorial, non-linear activity at the intersection of biology/physiology, psychology, and environment
Biological make-up of the individual (genes, proteins)
Psychological factors (such as motivation) and environmental variables also matter
Together with experience, training, dietary intake, and other environmental factors, the biological and genetic makeup of an athlete play a major role in exercise physiology in terms of performance and outcomes
Sport genomics has shown that some DNA single nucleotide polymorphisms can be associated with athlete level and performance, having an impact on physical activity and related variables like: endurance; strength; sprint; power; speed; flexibility; energetic expenditure; neuromuscular coordination; respiratory, metabolic, and cardiorespiratory fitness, among others
Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms have been shown to correlate with other parameters, including psychological traits
The athletic phenotype is extremely complex and multifactorial, depending on the combination of different features and characteristics. On these bases, sport performance is a "complex science" This is an opportunity also to study modifications in human DNA and test wearables in hostile conditions
How does SpAirt works?
Our Services/Products
Point of collection of the genome
Exome Sequencing focused on 120 exomes identifying polymorphism in the subject. Such exomes are related to Endurance and power/strength
Spairt AI analysis
Report: Athletes General Characteristic
Some studies are showing there is an association between DNA polymorphisms and athletic performance. They are focused on: Strength and Endurance, but other exomes can be added
Basic Report
Our Services/Products
Point of collection of the genome
Exome Sequencing focused on 120 exons identifying polymorphism in the subject. Such exomes are related to Endurance and power/strength
SpAirt AI analysis
Athlete Detailed Characteristics at rest
Some studies are showing there is a associations between DNA polymorphisms and athletic performance. They are focused on: Strength and Endurance, but others exomes can be added
Medium Report
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Gene expression analysis through comparison with biomarkers (natural condition analysis)
normal conditions
biomarkers
Our Services/Products
Point of collection of the genome
Exome Sequencing focused on 120 exomes identifying polymorphism in the subject. Such exomes are related to Endurance and power/strength
Spairt AI analysis
Full athletic Characteristics
Some studies are showing there is a associations between DNA polymorphisms and athletic performance They are focused on: Strength and Endurance, but others exomes can be added
Complete Report
Stimulated gene expression and AI postural detection analysis through comparison with biomarkers (dynamic analysis)
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training conditions
Our Services/Products
From the comparison of the two previous reports, we enhance the differences in gene expression under different stimulations
Some studies show an association between DNA polymorphisms and athletic performances. They are focused on Strength and Endurance, but other exomes can be added
Repairing Actions
We correct with designed stimulating compounds the gene production of missing proteins
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Health Sphere
SNP
Strength
SNP
Resistance
SNP
Sprint
Why this is possible?
Conventional systems work through biomarkers and utilize AI to attest the Athlete Biosphere, which provides a graphical statement of her/his genomic skills and faults
Nowadays, affordable supercomputers allow us to read and predict genetic expressions and maintain and enhance athlete performance
Artificial Intelligence in Genomics is the new compass
Toward Sportomics: Shifting From Sport Genomics to Sport Postgenomics and Metabolomics Specialties. Promises, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2020, 15, 1201-1202
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0648
© 2020 Human Kinetics, Inc.
EDITORIAL
Toward Sportomics: Shifting From Sport Genomics to Sport Postgenomics and Metabolomics Specialties. Promises, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2020, 15, 1201-1202
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0648
© 2020 Human Kinetics, Inc.
EDITORIAL
Together with experience, training, dietary intake, and other envi- ronmental factors, the biological and genetic makeup of an athlete play a major role in exercise physiology in terms of performance and outcomes.1 Sport genomics has shown that some DNA single- nucleotide polymorphisms can be associated with athlete level and performance (such as elite/world-class athletic status), having an impact on physical activity-related variables like endurance; strength; sprint; power; speed; flexibility; energetic expenditure; neuromuscular coordination; and respiratory, metabolic, and car- diorespiratory fitness, among others. Moreover, single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been shown to correlate with other parame- ters, including psychological traits.2 The athletic phenotype is extremely complex and multifactorial, depending on the combina- tion of different features and characteristics.3 On this basis, sport performance is a "complex science," like that of metadata and multiomics profiles.
Several ambitious projects (like the Exercise at the Limit- Inherited Traits of Endurance [ELITE], GAMES, Gene Skeletal
Muscle Adaptive Response to Training or Gene SMART, GEN- ATHLETE, Genetics of Elite Status in Sport or GENESIS, 1000
Athlomes, Super-Athletes, and POWERGENE trials) are aimed at
discovering genomics-based biomarkers with an adequate predic- tive power.4 These projects are aimed at overcoming the major drawbacks that plagued previous investigations, generally relying on small and rather heterogeneous cohorts of athletes. Sport genomics could enable researchers, athletes, sport scientists, and coaches/managers to optimize and maximize physical performance and identify prevention strategies in the field of individual risk of sport-related injuries (like Achilles tendinopathy or rotator cuff pathologies).3
However, the athlete genome is only a pebble in the mosaic of
sport physiology.3 Exercise has a profound impact also on the human proteome, for instance, finely tuning ATP-related pathways and mitochondrial protein synthesis, as well as proteins belonging to inflammation, antioxidation, anticoagulation, and iron.5 Moreover, exercise modulates transcription patterns and epigenetics, as well as metabolic profiles. All these different omics specialties (like sport genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabo- lomics/metabonomics) converge in a unique approach termed as "sportomics."3,6 Introduced for the first time by Brazilian scientist Cameron and colleagues, the word "metabolomics" can be defined as a holistic and top-down framework, characterizing all non-hypothe- sis-framed but data-driven research for systematically uncovering an individual's biomolecular changes during exercise and sport.6
Sportomics includes both genomics and postgenomics spe- cialties and, comprehensively relying on the "athlete's biological
passport" or profile, would enable the systematic study of sport-
induced responses and adaptations at any level (genome, tran- scriptome, proteome, etc).3 This is the ambitious goal of the large collaborative initiative "Athlome Project Consortium," as stated in
the "Santorini Declaration" during the symposium held in Greece in May 2015. Pursuing this goal would definitively pave the way for a personalized, individualized understanding of the orchestrated effects of physical activity.4
Among others, sport metabolomics is of particular importance since, unlike genes and proteins, the function of which is depen- dent on epigenetic changes and posttranslational modifications, metabolites are the direct result of biochemical interactions and are, therefore, powerful and reliable factors in physiological studies.3 Metabolites are produced as the end products of chemical processes and are considered the final result of gene expression. Changes in the metabolome occur in the timescale of seconds or minutes and exactly reflect the physiological status of the body at a certain time.3 Quintas et al7 used metabolomics to study the relationship(s) between internal and external load indicators dur- ing a football season and reported that steroid hormone biosyn- thesis and metabolism, and tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism pathways were the main external load indicators in football. Furthermore, another study correlated endurance performance with a list of metabolites, which were involved in the energy metabolism, antioxidant defense, cell damage, and central nervous system-signaling metabolites.8 In another study, Al-Khelaifi et al9 studied resting blood samples of 4 elite athletes' categories (high and moderate endurance, high- and moderate-power athletes) and reported that high-power and high-endurance athletes showed a different metabolome, mainly associated with steroid biosynthe sis, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative stress, and energy-related pathways. This study has opened a new insight into sport talent identification.
However, according to a recently published systematic
review of the studies in the field of sport metabolomics/metabonomics, most researchers have focused on prolonged exercise practice/programs, while the effects of acute exercise bouts were generally overlooked, with a few notable exceptions.10 If these gaps are properly acknowledged and addressed, sportomics could be highly relevant for sport sciences. Indeed, it could provide athletes, sport managers/coaches, and other relevant actors and stakeholders with detailed information concerning personalized training and nutrition, potentially allowing them to (1) identify talents, (2) enhance/optimize performance, (3) design ad hoc training and conditioning programs, and (4) minimize the risk of injuries and therefore contribute to optimizing each athlete's own potential.
Anis Chaouachi, Center of Sports Medicine, Tunisia Karim Chamari, IJSPP Associate Editor, ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar
Toward Sportomics: Shifting From Sport Genomics to Sport Postgenomics and Metabolomics Specialties. Promises, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2020, 15, 1201-1202
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0648
© 2020 Human Kinetics, Inc.
EDITORIAL
References
Gabriel BM, Zierath JR. The limits of exercise physiology: from performance to health. Cell Metab. 2017;25(5):1201-1202. PubMed ID: 28467920 doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2017.04.018
Ahmetov II, Fedotovskaya ON. Current progress in sports genomics. In: Advances in Clinical Chemistry (Vol. 70, pp. 247-314). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier; 2015.
Hoffman NJ. Omics and exercise: global approaches for mapping exercise biological networks. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2017; 7(10):a029884. PubMed ID: 28348175 doi:10.1101/cshperspect. a029884
Pitsiladis YP, Tanaka M, Eynon N, et al. Athlome Project Consortium: a concerted effort to discover genomic and other "omic" markers of athletic performance. Physiol Genomics. 2016;48(3):183-190. PubMed ID: 26715623 doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00105.2015
Lanza IR, Sreekumaran Nair K. Regulation of skeletal muscle mito- chondrial function: genes to proteins. Acta Physiol. 2010;199(4): 529-547. PubMed ID: 20345409 doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02124.x
Bassini A, Cameron LC. Sportomics: building a new concept in metabolic studies and exercise science. Biochem Biophys Res Com- mun. 2014;445(4):708-716. PubMed ID: 24406165 doi:10.1016/j. bbrc.2013.12.137
Quintas G, Reche X, Sanjuan-Herráez JD, et al. Urine metabolomic analysis for monitoring internal load in professional football players. Metabolomics. 2020;16(4):45. PubMed ID: 32222832 doi:10.1007/ s11306-020-01668-0
Monnerat G, Sánchez CAR, Santos CGM, et al. Different signatures of high cardiorespiratory capacity revealed with metabolomic profil- ing in elite athletes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020;15(8):1156- 1167. PubMed ID: 32335533 doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0267
Al-Khelaifi F, Diboun I, Donati F, et al. A pilot study comparing the metabolic profiles of elite-level athletes from different sporting disciplines. Sports Med Open. 2018;4(1):2. PubMed ID: 29305667 doi:10.1186/s40798-017-0114-z
Contrepois K, Wu S, Moneghetti KJ, et al. Molecular choreography of acute exercise. Cell. 2020;181(5):1112-1130.e16. PubMed ID: 32470399 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.043
SpAIrt by Transhumangene
SpAIrt
Financials
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SpAIrt When sports meet StrongAI Intelligent Sport in extreme conditions
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